This brief compares estimates of health insurance coverage from three national health surveys sponsored by the federal government, identifies the differences in their estimates of uninsurance, and identifies three common themes: (1) all the surveys report very large numbers of Americans living without health insurance; (2) all surveys show that these numbers have risen over the decade, particularly for adults; and (3) children’s rates of uninsurance declined earlier in the decade, largely due to growth of public programs such as the State Children’s Health Insurance Program (SCHIP), but in recent years has stayed steady or grown slightly. August 2008.